Studies in Marxism and Social Theory
Edited by g. a. cohen, jon elster and john roemer
The series is jointly published by the Cambridge University Press
and the Editions de la Maison des Sciences de l'Homme, as part of
the joint publishing agreement established in 1977 between the
Fondation de la Maison des Sciences de l'Homme and the Syndics of
the Cambridge University Press.
The books in the series are intended to exemplify a new paradigm
in the study of Marxist social theory. They will not be dogmatic or
purely exegetical in approach. Rather, they will examine and develop
the theory pioneered by Marx, in the light of the intervening history,
and with the tools of non-Marxist social science and philosophy. It is
hoped that Marxist thought will thereby be freed from the increas-
ingly discredited methods and presuppositions which are still
widely regarded as essential to it, and that what is true and
important in Marxism will be more ®rmly established.
Also in the series
jon elster Making Sense of Marx
adam przeworski Capitalism and Social Democracy
john roemer (ed.) Analytical Marxism
jon elster and karl moene (eds.) Alternatives to Capitalism
michael taylor (ed.) Rationality and Revolution
donald l. donman History, Power, Ideology
david schweickart Against Capitalism
philippe van parijs Marxism Recycled
john torrance Karl Marx's Theory of Ideas
g. a. cohen Self-ownership, Freedom, and Equality
erik olin wright Class Counts
Class Counts
Student Edition
Erik Olin Wright
Maison des Sciences de l'Homme
The Pitt Building, Trumpington Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom
The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 2RU, UK
40 West 20th Street, New York, NY 10011-4211, USA
477 Williamstown Road, Port Melbourne, VIC 3207, Australia
Ruiz de Alarcón 13, 28014 Madrid, Spain
Dock House, The Waterfront, Cape Town 8001, South Africa
http://www.cambridge.org
First published in printed format
ISBN 0-521-66309-1 hardback
ISBN 0-521-66394-6 paperback
ISBN 0-511-03389-3 eBook
Maison des Sciences de l'Homme and Cambrid
ge University Press 2004
2000
(Adobe Reader)
©
Contents
Prefacetostudenteditionix
Prefacetooriginaleditionxiii
Acknowledgmentsxx
1Classanalysis1
PartIStructuralanalysesofclasses41
2Classstructure43
3 The transformation of the American class structure,
1960±199056
4ThefallandriseoftheAmericanpettybourgeoisie67
5Thepermeabilityofclassboundaries79
PartIIClassandgender113
6Conceptualizingtheinteractionofclassandgender115
7Individuals,familiesandclassanalysis125
8 The noneffects of class on the gendered division of labor in
thehome146
9Thegendergapinworkplaceauthority159
PartIIIClassstructureandclassconsciousness183
10 A general framework for studying class consciousness and
classformation185
11 Class consciousness and class formation in Sweden, the
UnitedStatesandJapan216
vii
PartIVConclusion249
12Con®rmations,surprisesandtheoreticalreconstructions251
References277
Index282
Indexofsubjects284
Contentsviii
Preface to student edition
The original edition of Class Counts, published in 1997, was intended as a
research study oriented to technically sophisticated social scientists. The
central ideas of the book, however, were potentially of interest to a much
wider audience. The central objective of this abridged edition of Class
Counts is thus to make the book more accessible and useful for students
without advanced statistical training and without a specialist's interests
in the details of the research literature and methodologies on each of the
topics. To accomplish this, I have tried to follow four guiding principles
in deciding what to cut, what to leave in and what to rewrite. First, I
wanted none of the cuts to undermine the clarity and interest of the
theoretical ideas and substantive arguments in the original book. As a
result I have eliminated relatively little from the more theoretical sections
of the book. Second, I wanted to eliminate virtually all technical
statistical and methodological material. I have replaced this with
simpler, graphical representations of results wherever possible. Where
the technical details are important for speci®c arguments and analysis, I
have included footnotes directing the reader to the pages in the original
edition of Class Counts where the technical material can be found. Third,
I have tried to eliminate most of the digressions and peripheral plots in
the story. In many of the original empirical chapters I included extended
discussions of empirical issues that were outside the main thrust of
analysis. These I have mostly removed. I have also eliminated most of
the footnotes which explored secondary themes and implications.
Finally, I have eliminated most citations to the research literature on
speci®c topics except in places where a discussion of a speci®c piece of
work is needed to develop an idea or argument. One of the hallmarks of
scholarly sociological research is the inclusion of long lists of citations for
speci®c points being made. Often these serve mainly a ritualistic
ix
purpose, showing to the world that one has read the right stuff but not
contributing anything to the substantive exposition of ideas. For readers
of this abridged edition who wish to explore the broader literature
linked to any speci®c topic in this book, they can consult the citations in
the corresponding chapter of the original edition.
Even with all of these cuts I was unable to reduce the 576 pages of the
original book to a reasonable length for this edition. It was therefore
necessary to completely eliminate two of the chapters from the original
edition: chapter 15 on the relationship between state employment and
class consciousness, and chapter 16, on the relationship between class
mobility and class consciousness. While I do think there are valuable
ideas in these two chapters, in many ways the empirical investigations
which accompanied them are less conclusive than in most of the rest of
the book.
x Preface to the student edition
Punch
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